The location referencing rules defined in this standard address the specific requirements of Traffic Message Channel (TMC) systems, which use abbreviated coding formats to provide TTI messages over mobile bearers (e.g. GSM, DAB) or via exchange protocols like DATEX. In particular, the rules address the Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC), a means of providing digitally-coded traffic and travel information to travellers using a silent data channel (RDS) on FM radio stations, based on the ALERT-C protocol.