IPC TR-476A
PC TR-476A 1997-MAY-01 Electrochemcal Mgraton Electrcally nduced Falures n Prnted Wrng Assembles
PC TR-476A 1997-MAY-01 Electrochemcal Mgraton Electrcally nduced Falures n Prnted Wrng Assembles
This technical report discusses the reasons and the test methods available for electrically induced failures on printed wiring board surfaces and sub-surfaces caused by a combination of voltage potential, electrical field, temperature, humidity, and contamination.
Solid State electromigration is discussed to differentiate from electrochemical migration phenomena. This document does not cover non-electrically-driven diffusion phenomena nor stress-induced whisker growth.